The economic sciences, like the factual sciences of nature and society, are rational (they are based on concepts, judgments and reasoning) and objective (they verify the adaptation of ideas with the facts). They need observation and experiment to confirm their conjectures, because they refer to real facts. Factual knowledge, although rational, is essentially probable and not definitive, and its essential raw material is empirical data.

In this environment, the study of the relationships between the forces of the economy such as investment, savings, work, money, productivity, wealth creation, international trade, welfare, etc. takes place. In a static approach, economics studies the impact of each variable while all others remain constant. In a dynamically changing environment, you must model how the forces oppose and compensate each other tending to equilibrium in the long term.

The Institute of Economics was born almost at the same time as the university and since then it has developed and consolidated, with true scientific rigour, areas and lines of research of real utility for society.

The research activities are organized into the Research and Development Projects and the Science and Technology Activities, which differ from each other due to the magnitude and scope of the work.